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51.
Shoji Arai Akihiro Tamura Satoko Ishimaru Kazuyuki Kadoshima Yong‐Il Lee Ken‐ichiro Hisada 《Island Arc》2008,17(4):485-501
Peridotites exposed in the Yugu area in the Gyeonggi Massif, South Korea, near the boundary with the Okcheon Belt, exhibit mylonitic to strongly porphyroclastic textures, and are mostly spinel lherzolites. Subordinate dunites, harzburgites, and websterites are associated with the lherzolites. Amphiboles, often zoned from hornblende in the core to tremolite in the rim, are found only as neoblasts. Porphyroclasts have recorded equilibrium temperatures of about 1000°C, whereas neoblasts denote lower temperatures, about 800°C. Olivines are Fo90–91 in lherzolites and Fo91 in a dunite and a harzburgite. The Cr# (= Cr/(Cr + Al) atomic ratio) of spinels varies together with the Fo of olivines, being from 0.1 to 0.3 in lherzolites and around 0.5 in the dunite and harzburgite. The Na2O content of clinopyroxene porphyroclasts is relatively low, around 0.3 to 0.5 wt% in the most fertile lherzolite. The Yugu peridotites are similar in porphyroclast mineral chemistry not to continental spinel peridotites but to sub‐arc or abyssal peridotites. Textural and mineralogical characteristics indicate the successive cooling with hydration from the upper mantle to crustal conditions for the Yugu peridotites. Almost all clinopyroxenes and amphiboles show the same U‐shaped rare earth element (REE) patterns although the level is up to ten times higher for the latter. The hydration was associated with enrichment in light REE, resulting from either a slab‐derived fluid or a fluid circulating in the crust. The mantle‐wedge or abyssal peridotites were emplaced into the continental crust as the Yugu peridotite body during collision of continents to form a high‐pressure metamorphic belt in the Gyeonggi Massif. The peridotites from the Gyeonggi Massif exhibit lower‐pressure equilibration than peridotites, with or without garnets, from the Dabie–Sulu Collision Belt, China, which is possibly a westward extension of the Gyeonggi Massif. 相似文献
52.
Paleocene large-scale normal faulting along the Median Tectonic Line, western Shikoku, Japan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Abstract The Median Tectonic Line (MTL) in southwest Japan, a major east–west-trending arc-parallel fault, has been defined as the boundary fault between the Cretaceous Sambagawa metamorphic rocks and Ryoke granitic and metamorphic rocks, which are unconformably covered by the Upper Cretaceous Izumi Group. The juxtaposition by faulting occurred after the deposition of the Izumi Group. Based on detailed fieldwork and previous studies, the authors reconstruct the kinematic history along the MTL during the Paleogene period, which has not been fully understood before. It is noted that although the strata of the Izumi Group along the MTL dip gently, east–west-trending north-vergent folds with the wavelength of ∼300 m commonly develop up to 2 km north from the MTL. Along the MTL, a disturbed zone of the Izumi Group up to 400 m thick, defined by the development of boudinage structures with the transverse boudin axis dipping nearly parallel to the MTL, occurs. Furthermore, east–west-trending north-vergent folds with the wavelength of 1–5 m develop within the distance up to 60 m from the MTL. The disturbed zone with the map-scale north-vergent folds along the MTL, strongly suggests that they formed due to normal faulting with a top-to-the-north sense along the MTL. Considering that the normal faulting is associated with the final exhumation of the Sambagawa metamorphic rocks, and its juxtaposition against the Izumi Group at depth, this perhaps occurred before the denudation of the Sambagawa metamorphic rocks indicated by the deposition of the Lower Eocene Hiwada-toge Formation. Dynamic equilibrium between crustal thickening at depth (underplating) and extension at shallow level is a plausible explanation for the normal faulting because the arc-normal extension suggests gravity as the driving force. 相似文献
53.
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55.
Thermodynamic analysis of Fe and Mg partitioning between plagioclase and silicate liquid 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
Toru Sugawara 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》2000,138(2):101-113
Thermodynamic analysis of Fe- and Mg-bearing plagioclase and silicate liquid was carried out based on reported element partitioning
data between plagioclase and silicate liquid in reduced conditions, solution properties of ternary feldspar, standard state
properties of plagioclase endmembers and solution properties of multicomponent silicate liquid. Derived mixing properties
of Fe- and Mg-bearing plagioclase are in harmony with estimated results from synthetic experiments in the systems CaAl2Si2O8-CaFeSi3O8 and CaAl2Si2O8-CaMgSi3O8. Based on the determined solution properties of the plagioclase, a computer program to calculate the element partition relationships
between Fe- and Mg-bearing plagioclase and multicomponent silicate liquid was developed. The FeO, MgO and MgO/(MgO + FeO)
in plagioclase predicted from known liquid compositions and pressure are in agreement with measurements within 0.2 wt%, 0.1 wt%
and 0.1 (mol ratio), respectively. The Fe3+ content in plagioclase crystallized at high oxygen fugacity can be estimated with this program. The Fe3+/total Fe ratio in plagioclase crystallized near the quartz-fayalite-magnetite buffer ranges from 0 to 0.5, which is consistent
with previous study on natural plagioclase in submarine basalt. Derived solution properties of the Fe- and Mg-bearing plagioclase
are also used to calculate equilibrium composition relationship between olivine and plagioclase. Change of X
Fo in olivine coexisting with plagioclase affects MgO and FeO contents in plagioclase greatly. The present model predicts X
Fo of coexisting olivine from the chemical composition of plagioclase to ±0.1 accuracy at given pressure and temperature.
Received: 27 March 1998 / Accepted: 30 September 1999 相似文献
56.
57.
Y. Fukazawa K. Makishima T. Tamura K. Nakazawa H. Ezawa Y. Ikebe K. Kikuchi T. Ohashi 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,313(1):21-31
We measured metal abundances of the intracluster medium in the central regions of 34 nearby clusters of galaxies, using ASCA data. Clusters that have a sharp X-ray emission centred on a cD galaxy are commonly found to exhibit a central increment in the Fe abundance, which is more pronounced in lower temperature clusters; +(0.1–0.2) solar at kT >5 keV, compared with +(0.2–0.3) solar at 1.5< kT <4 keV. These central excess metals are thought to be ejected from cD galaxies. Several low-temperature cD type clusters also show significant Si abundance increase by +(0.1–0.2) solar at the central region. Compared with the Si-rich abundances observed in the outer regions of rich clusters, the Si to Fe abundance ratio of central excess metals tends to be near the solar ratio, implying that type Ia products from cD galaxies are dominant for the central excess metals. On the other hand, some other clusters do not show the central Fe abundance increase. As these clusters tend to contain two or three central giant galaxies, it is suggested that galaxy interactions have removed the central abundance increase. 相似文献
58.
本文用日本山梨大学片谷教孝等人建立的3维欧拉型污染物远距离输送模式,分别输入1988年6月月平均和逐时气象资料(风场、气压场、密度场、降水等),对夏季东亚地区SOx的远距离输送进行了数值模拟。所有实验均积分1个月,对SO2、SO2-4的地面浓度及沉降量进行了分析,实验结果表明:如果仅仅考虑SO2的远距离输送模拟,可以月平均场气象资料代替模式中需要的逐时场气象资料;而将逐时场的风、降水资料和月平均场的气压、密度资料共同使用则与输入逐时场气象资料对SO2及SO2-4模拟结果完全相当。由于实验中只使用了1988年6月的资料,故下一步的研究应对不同年、季的气象资料及不同污染物的远距离输送模拟进行比较,从而考察月平均场气象资料在污染物远距离输送的模拟中能否完全或部分代替逐时场气象资料。 相似文献
59.
We investigated the tectonothermal history of the Lesser Himalayan sediments (LHS), which are tectonically overlain by the Higher Himalayan Crystalline. Fission‐track dating and the track length measurement of detrital zircons obtained from the Kuncha nappe and the Lesser Himalayan autochthonous sediments in western central Nepal revealed northward cooling of the nappe and possible downward heating of the autochthon by the overlying hot nappe. Nine zircon fission‐track (ZFT) ages of the nappe showed northward‐younging linear distribution from 11.6 Ma in the front at Tamghas, 6 Ma in the central at Naudanda, and 1.6 Ma in the northernmost point at Tatopani. Thermochronological invert calculation of the ZFT length elucidated that the Kuncha nappe gradually cooled down (30 °C/Myr) at the front and rapidly cooled down (120 °C/Myr) at the root zone. In contrast, the ZFT age of the Chappani Formation, located just beneath the Kuncha nappe in the central part, demonstrated a totally reset age of 6.8 Ma, whereas the Virkot Formation, structurally far from the nappe, yielded a partially reset age of 457.3 Ma. This suggests that the LHS underwent downward heating, resulting in a thermal print on the upper part of the LHS; however, the thermal effect was not sufficient to anneal ZFT totally in the deeper part. Presently, the nappe cover is eroded and denuded from this area. Detrital zircons from the Chappani Formation in Tansen area to the south of the Bari Gad Fault did not show any evidence of annealing, suggesting that nappe never covered the LHS distributed to the south of the fault. 相似文献
60.
This study is concerned with the tectono‐thermal history of the Kathmandu nappe and the underlying Lesser Himalayan sediments (LHS) that are distributed in eastern Nepal. We carried out zircon fission‐track(ZFT) dating and obtained 16 ZFT ages from the eastern extension of the Kathmandu nappe, the Higher Himalayan Crystalline, Kuncha nappe, and the Main Central Thrust (MCT) zone. The ZFT ages of the frontal part of the Kathmandu nappe range from 13.0 ±0.8 Ma to 10.7 ±0.7 Ma and exhibit a northward‐younging tendency. These Middle Miocene ZFT ages indicate that the frontal part of the Kathmandu nappe remained at a temperature above 240 °C until the termination of its southward emplacement at 12–11 Ma. The ZFT ages of the LHS range from 11.1 ±0.9 Ma in the southern part of the Okhaldhunga Window to 2.4 ±0.3 Ma of the augen gneiss in the northern margin and also exhibit a northward‐younging age distribution. The ZFT ages show the northward‐younging linear distribution pattern (?0.16 Ma/km) along the across‐strikesection from the frontal part of the Kathmandu nappe to the root zone, without a significant age gap. This distribution pattern indicates that the Kathmandu nappe, the underlying MCT zone, and the Kuncha nappe cooled from the frontal zone to the root zone as a thermally united geologic body at a temperature below 240 °C. An older ZFT age (456.3 ±24.3 Ma), which was partially reset at the axial part of the Midland anticlinorium in the central part of the Okhaldhunga Window, was explained by downward heating from the “hot” Kathmandu nappe. The above evidence supported a model that southward emplacement of the hot Kathmandu nappe resulted in a thermal imprint on the upper part of the LHS; however, the lower part did not reach 240 °C. 相似文献